The product research pages in water e news break down and define the advantages and disadvantages to each process including expected pricing and cost to operate in order to provide a well informed “Best Choice”. Look for the following internal links in each section:
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Items to consider when purchasing
Impurities removed / Not removed
Water testing
Types of equipment
organic compounds
Proper maintenance
Cost of operation
Advantages / Disadvantages |
… see for product:
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“ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FILTER”
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• Detailed, distiller prices and cost to operate
• What impurities will distillers remove?
• Water testing
• Types of distillation equipment
• How are volatile organic compounds (VOC) removed?
• Proper maintenance
• What are the advantages/disadvantages of distillers?
• Items to consider when purchasing a distiller
• For further information
Once you’ve learned about water distillation, you can feel more confident on making an informed purchase. All of the best brands, such as “Water Wise” “Pure Water” and other top brands can be found on e-bay from very reputable e-bay auctioneers. (see the seller’s e-bay customer feedback score and buy with confidence) click here to see the best prices on water distillers.
Russell Derickson, Extension Associate in Water and Natural Resources, South Dakota Extension Service
Fred Bergsrud, Water Quality Coordinator, Minnesota Extension Service
Bruce Seelig, Water Quality Specialist, North Dakota Extension Service
What impurities will distillers remove?
The distillation process removes almost all impurities from water. Distillers are commonly used for removing nitrate, bacteria, sodium, hardness, dissolved solids, most organic compounds, heavy metals, and radionucleides from water. Distillers remove about 99.5 percent of the impurities from the original water.
What impurities are not removed?
Distillers can allow 0.3 to 0.5 percent of water impurities to exist in the storage container after distilling.
Some volatile organic contaminants (VOCs), certain pesticides and volatile solvents, boil at temperatures very close to water (207-218 degrees Fahrenheit). These types of contaminants will not be substantially reduced in concentration by distillation. Properly equipped distillers can reduce VOC concentrations effectively.
Although bacteria are removed by distillation, they may recolonize on the cooling coils during inactive periods. Maintain proper cleaning to avoid potential bacteria recolonization.
Water Testing
Before you buy a water treatment unit, you should know what impurities are in your water supply. To determine the types and amounts of impurities in your water, you should have it analyzed by a certified laboratory. The results of the water test will help determine the best water treatment system to use.
If you obtain water from a private water supply (you supply your own water), you also make the final decision about water testing. However, it is recommended that testing be done on a regular basis. When problems do occur, more frequent testing may be required until a solution is found.
Community water supplies are monitored and treated to protect users from health threatening water impurities. Ask your water supplier for a copy of the latest water test results
Types of Distillation Equipment
Distillers are commonly made of stainless steel, aluminum, and plastic materials. These materials do not absorb impurities from water and are easy to clean.
There are two types of distillers: batch units and continuous flow units (Figures 2 & 3).
Batch Distillers: Water is poured directly into the boiling chamber. The unit is turned on and the water is heated to boiling. When all the water in the boiling chamber is evaporated, the unit shuts off. Distilled water is removed from the storage container for household use. Batch units can range from 1gallon countertop units to 10gallon floor units. Batch distillers produce from 3 to 10 gallons of distilled water per day. The smallest distillers are about the same size as a coffee maker.
Figure 2. Batch distiller.
Continuous flow units: Continuous flow or automatic units are connected to the water supply line. The water level in the boiling chamber is maintained by a float valve connected to the water supply. As distilled water is removed from the storage tank, the unit turns itself on and starts producing more distilled water. A discharge line periodically removes the concentrated impurities from the boiling chamber. Distilled water is either stored in a container or is piped to the use area
Figure 3. Continuous flow distiller.
Distiller accessory: Additional storage containers, transfer pumps and special kitchen taps can be installed adjacent to a distiller. Increased storage capacity will only be advantageous for continuous flow units. For example, you can install a kitchen tap and an under-the-sink reserve tank that has a level switch to turn on a small transfer pump. This pump transfers water from the distiller to a storage container located under the sink (Figure 4). When the under-the-sink reserve tank empties it turns on the transfer pump to refill the reserve tank. When the distiller’s storage tank empties, it turns itself on and fills the storage containers.
Figure 4. An illustration of an under-the-sink water storage container
How are volatile organic compounds (VOC) removed?
Distillers can remove VOCs by three methods: 1) gas vents, 2) fractional columns and 3) activated carbon filters (ACF). Distillers that use a combination of VOC removal methods are more efficient than one single method.
Gas vents are small holes drilled into the passage leading to the cooling coils. Gas vents allow VOCs to escape the distiller before they enter the cooling section coils. These holes (one or two) are usually from .045 inches to .065 inches in diameter.
Fractional column distillers (Figure 5) use differential cooling to remove VOCs. VOCs are removed when they condense in a different section of the fractional column than where water does. Fractional distillers usually cost more than distillers with gas vents or ACF cartridges.
Figure 5. An illustration of a reflux distiller.
Activated carbon filters (ACF) trap VOCs (refer to Activated Carbon Filtration in the Treatment Systems for Household Water Supplies Series). The ACF units are normally located at the end of the cooling coils and remove theVOCs prior to entering the distilled water storage container. ACFs can also be placed in the water supply line to reduce VOCs entering a distiller.
Removal of VOCs in distillers without gas vents, fractional columns or ACFs can also be accomplished with some success by discarding the first pint (1/2 liter) of distilled water in the storage container.
Proper Maintenance
Minerals and other residues accumulate in the boiling chamber as water is boiled away. These minerals and compounds need to be removed occasionally. The boiling chamber of a distiller should be emptied about once a week. When distillation is continuous, the boiling chamber should be emptied more often. If these materials (scale and sediment) are not removed periodically, a distiller becomes inefficient.
Mineral scale buildup from hard water can be difficult to remove without the use of an acid-type cleaner. Commercial cleaning agents are available. The cleaners usually containsulfamic acid or other organic acids. DO NOT use strong mineral acids like hydrochloric, sulfuric or nitric to clean distillers. Strong acids can damage stainless steel and aluminum. Check the owners manual or consult your local distiller dealer for the appropriate cleaner to use.
To remove the scale buildup from a distiller, fill the distiller with the proper acid mixture to approximately 1/2 inch above the mineral line. Let the acid solution sit for the proper amount of time, then discard and rinse.
An alternative cleaning agent is vinegar because it contains acetic acid, a weak organic acid. Pour a 50 percent solution of vinegar into the distiller to about 1/2 inch above the top of the mineral line. Let the unit sit over night, then discard and rinse. If mineral scale is still present, increase the vinegar concentration or cleaning time.
Other regular maintenance duties may include replacing the ACF cartridge and keeping the gas vent holes free of mineral deposits. These steps are necessary to ensure that distillation units equipped to removeVOCs will effectively perform that function.
Lifespan: The lifespan of any distiller depends on the levels of impurities in the raw water supply, how often the distiller operates, and how often the distiller is cleaned. A good distiller should last 10 to 15 years with proper maintenance and routine cleaning. The most common repair for distillers is replacing a heating element or a cooling fan.
Cost of Distillation
Equipment Purchase Price
Distillers cost from $200 to $1500 for home use models. Counter top distillers will range from $200 to $500 and automatic models from $600 to $1500. In addition to the purchase cost, there are yearly operation costs. These include electricity, chemical cleaners, and possibly replacementACFs. Yearly operation costs depend on how often a distiller is used.
Examples of purchase cost:
For about $250, you can purchase a 5 quart batch unit (about the same size as a coffee maker). Five quarts of raw water are poured into the boiling chamber. The unit is plugged in, and the distillation process starts. Distilled water is stored in an external plastic container. The unit shuts off automatically when the boiling chamber is empty. It has a maximum output of 4 gallons per day.
For about $1200, you can purchase a 10-gallon per day continuous flow unit with a 4-gallon storage container. When water is removed from the storage container, the unit refills the boiling chamber and begins distilling. The unit shuts off when the storage container is filled. Typical dimensions of this system are about 3 feet high by 2 feet wide by 1.5 feet deep.
Operation Costs
Distiller operation costs are directly related to the amount of distilled water you will use daily. The largest operation cost is electricity. Small batch distillers range from .25 to .30 gallons per kilowatt-hour (gal/KWH) and larger automatic continuous flow distillers range from .30 to .34 gal/KWH.
The electrical cost is easy to calculate:
| Cost = 0.024 |
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Wattage of unit |
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| X |
———————- |
X |
Cost of electricity ($/KWH) |
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Production (gal/day) |
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| or |
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| Cost = |
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Wattage of unit |
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| X |
———————- |
X |
Time to distill 1 gal. hours |
X |
Cost of electricity ($/KWH) |
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1000 |
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1000For Example:
1100 watt distiller produces 8 gal/day (3hr/gal)
and electricity costs $0.10/KWH
1100
cost = 0.024 x ---- x 0.10 = $0.33/gal or (33 cents/gal)
8
or
1100
cost = ---- x 3 x 0.10 = $0.33/gal
1000
Typical electrical cost for a family of four will range from $275 to $400 per year (or $22 to $34 per month), because the average family of four uses 3 gallons/day (1100 gallons/year) of water for drinking and cooking. Consult the owners manual or check with a dealer for the cost of a ACF cartridge replacement for a particular distiller. Cleaning cost increases with increased distiller operation.
Total Cost over the life span of a distiller
The total cost of running a distiller includes the purchase price (or rental cost) and cost of operation (electricity and maintenance cost). Typical operational costs range from $0.35 per gallon to $0.50 per gallon. Bottled distilled water, in comparison, costs from $0.30 to $1.50. Based on the example below, it will cost an average family of four $38.60 per month for distilled water or $456.50 per year.
Example of Total cost of distilled water per gallon:
Lets assume for $800 you could purchase a 1100 watt distiller that would last 10 years at full production of 8 gallons/day and electricity costs $0.10/KWH. How much will a gallon of distilled water cost?
Cost assumptions:
electricity = $0.10 / KWH
repairs & cleaning = 10% of purchase price/year
10 year life span
1100 watt unit produces 8 gal/day
purchase price = $800
Total cost per gallon over ten years
Purchase price
$800/8(gal/day)/365(days/year)/10years = $0.027/gal
(based on continuous operation)
Electricity
1100wt/1000(wt/KWH) X 3(hr/gal) X $0.10KWH = $0.33 /gal
Repairs & Cleaning
$800 X 0.10/8(gal/day)/365(days/year)
(annual cost = 10% of purchase price) = $0.027/gal
TOTAL $0.384/gal
(38.4 cents/gal)
A typical distiller might realistically only run 60 to 70 percent of the time. The above total cost per gallon was figured at full production. If the distiller ran 70 percent of the time, the cost per gallon would increase by $0.0314 per gallon. The distiller idle time varies with how much distilled water is needed by the user. Based on the example above, it will cost a typical family $38.60 per month ($456.50 per year) for distilled water.
What are the advantages of distillers?
Distillers remove almost all of the impurities found in water, produce sodium free water, and are relatively easy to maintain. Most distillers are mechanically simple.
Distillers have small capacities and use considerable energy to process water. Because of the small capacities, distillers are limited to point-of-use systems. Distillers without gas vents, fractional columns, or ACF units will not remove VOCs. Heat generated by a distiller must be dissipated into the surrounding environment.
Items to consider when purchasing a distiller
For Further Information
For further information contact your local county extension office or state health department. Additional information can be found in other publications in this series:
Treatment Systems For Household Water Supplies:
References:
FS-5Drinking Water: Treatment Guidelines. University of Maryland Extension
9.729Drinking Water Treatment Devices: Distillers. Colorado State University Extension
HE-430HouseHold Water Treatment. North Dakota State University Extension
MWPS-14 Private Water Systems. Midwest Plan Service
Water Treatment Handbook. Rodale Testing
Funding for this publication was by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Extension Service, under project number 90-EWQI-19252
AE-1032, April 199
County Commissions, North Dakota State University and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. North Dakota State University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, Vietnam Era Veterans status, sexual orientation, marital status, or public assistance status. Direct inquiries to the Executive Director and Chief Diversity Officer, 202 Old Main, (701) 231-7708. This publication will be made available in alternative formats for people with disabilities upon request, 701 231-7881.
Reverse Osmosis..
Product √ List
What does an RO System cost
When deciding on a water treatment system be sure to investigate all options and all costs. To compare purchase to lease or rent options consider the following:
1. Initial Costs of the System: Be sure that all parts are included, especially when comparisons are being made. RO units range in cost from $300 to $3000 and vary in quality and effectiveness. Replacement membranes cost $100 to $200 and filter cartridges around $50
2. Installation Costs: These costs are generally the responsibility of the purchaser, but who pays installation fees when renting or leasing? Is there enough space to accommodate the system being considered or will some modifications of space be needed?3. Operating and Maintenance Costs: Electricity to pump the water is the only significant operating cost. Filter cleaning and/or replacement (both pre and post-filters) and RO membrane replacement need to be estimated. Whether routine maintenance can be done by the owner or requires special service is important information when purchasing a system. When renting or leasing, how and when servicing is to be done and who pays for the supplies and service needs to be clearly stated. For example, is the service done on a schedule or an “as needed” basis?
What impurities will reverse osmosis remove?
Reverse osmosis (RO) has become a common method for the treatment of household drinking water supplies. Effectiveness of RO units depends on initial levels of contamination and water pressure. RO treatment may be used to reduce the levels of:
Naturally occurring substances that cause water supplies to be unhealthy or unappealing (foul tastes, smells or colors)
- Substances that have contaminated the water supply resulting in possible adverse health effects or decreased desirability.
- Substances that have contaminated the water supply resulting in possible adverse health effects or decreased desirability.
RO systems are typically used to reduce the levels of total dissolved solids and suspended matter. The principal uses of reverse osmosis in Minnesota and the Dakotas are for the reduction of high levels of nitrate, sulfate, sodium and total dissolved solids.
RO units with carbon filters may also reduce the level of some SOCs (soluble organic compounds) like pesticides, dioxins and VOCs (volatile organic compounds like chloroform and petrochemicals). An RO unit alone may not be the best solution for these types of contaminants, but installing a properly design-ed RO unit to reduce the levels of other contaminants may provide a reduction in SOCs and VOCs
How to test your water
Before installing any water treatment system be sure to have the water tested. The test will identify the bacteria and level of minerals that are present. Interpretation of the test results will help determine whether treatment is needed and what type of system or systems to consider. The intended use of the water (drinking only, drinking and cooking, laundry, or all household uses) will also help determine the extent of treatment needed and the type of system to select.
Note: RO systems are normally used to treat only drinking and cooking water supplies so may not be preferred where larger supplies are being treated. RO systems are not appropriate for treating water supplies that are contaminated by coliform bacteria.
The water test analysis and interpretation will provide information about both naturally-occurring substances and those resulting from human activity. Treatment of contaminated water supplies should be considered only as a temporary solution. The best solution is to remove the source(s) of contamination and/or obtain a new water supply.
How is effectiveness measured?
The effectiveness of RO units is characterized by the rejection rate or rejection percentage. The rejection rate is the percent of a contaminant that does not move through, or is rejected by, the membrane. Some typical rejection rates for common contaminants are shown in Table 1. These rejection rates are for single contaminants under design conditions
Table 1. Typical Rejection Rates for
Common Contaminant
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| Rejection Rate Range* |
| Contaminant |
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Laboratory
Tests |
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Field
Tests |
| Nitrates |
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83 – 92 % |
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** – 92% |
| Total Dissolved |
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95 – 99 % |
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60% – 99% |
| Solids |
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| Sulfates |
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90 – 98 % |
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60% – 98% |
| Sodium |
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87 – 93 % |
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60% – 93% |
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| *These values are for properly maintained units. Poorly maintained units will not be as effective at removing contaminants and, in the worst case, may not be removing any contaminants. |
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Where water contains more than one contaminant, the rejection rate for each contaminant may be reduced or one of the contaminants may be reduced in preference to the other contaminant. For example, cases have been reported where water supplies containing either high TDS levels or high sulfates in combination with nitrates show no decrease in nitrates after treatment. (Nitrates as used in this publication refers to nitrate-nitrogen or NO3-N.)
Rejection rates need to be high enough to reduce the contaminant level in the untreated water to a safe level. To determine the needed rejection rate, it is necessary to consider the initial concentration. For example, if a water supply contains nitrates at a concentration of 20 milligrams per liter (mg/l), an RO unit rejecting at a rate of 85 percent, which means 15 percent remaining, would reduce the level to 3 mg/l (20 times 0.15 = 3).
Water with very high levels of nitrates (such as 100 mg/l) would remain near or above health standard levels even after treatment. Nitrate levels this high are not expected in this region and indicate unusual problems that require special investigation and handling. The National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) recommends that special designs be used for RO units where the NO3-N level exceeds 40 mg/l.
Disadvantages of reverse osmosis units
RO units use a lot of water. They recover only 5 to 15 percent of the water entering the system. The remainder is discharged as waste water. Because waste water carries with it the rejected contaminants, methods to re-cover this water are not practical for household systems. Waste water is typically connected to the house drains and will add to the load on the household septic system. An RO unit deliver-ing 5 gallons of treated water per day may discharge 40 to 90 gallons of waste water per day to the septic system.
What types of equipment make up an RO System?
Figure 2. A Typical Home RO System Includes: (1) particle filter, (2) reverse osmosis membrane unit, (3) pressurized treated-water storage container, (4) carbon adsorption post-filter, and (5) separate treated-water tap.
The water supply entering the RO unit should be bacteriologically safe. RO units will remove virtually all microorganisms but they are not recommended for that use because of the possibility of contamination through pinhole leaks or deterioration due to bacterial growth. Water softeners are commonly used in Minnesota and the Dakotas in advance of the RO system.
1. Prefilter: The prefilter is sometimes referred to as a sediment filter. It removes small suspended particles to extend the life of the membrane. Some membrane units are damaged by chlorine and others by bacterial growth. Where chlorine is present, a carbon prefilter may also be recommended.
2. RO Membrane: Several kinds of reverse osmosis membranes are available. The most common materials are cellulose acetate or polyamide resins. Mixtures or variations of these materials are also used. Each product has certain advantages and limitations and these need to be considered carefully.
Some of the factors that should be investigated are
- The contaminant(s) involved and their initial concentration(s).
- The water supply rate, or whether the system will deliver enough water to meet normal daily drinking and cooking requirements.
- The rejection rate, or the percentage of contaminants to be removed by the membrane.
- The water pressure required to meet the supply and rejection rates. That is, can this unit be operated on the normal operating pressure of a home water system or will a booster pump be required?
- How can the system’s performance be monitored? That is, how can leaks or other problems be detected or how is the time for servicing or replacement determined? Some systems have built-in monitors, but many do not. Conductivity meters, pressure gauges and other devices can be used to detect problems where monitors are not included. Where coliform bacteria or other special contaminants are a known or suspected problem, periodic testing is recommended.
3. Storage Tank: Most RO units supply treated water at very low rates so a storage tank of 2 to 5 gallons is used to provide a suitable supply. These units are pressurized to produce an adequate flow when the tap is open. Under sink storage requires minimum pressure to deliver water. Other locations may require increased delivery pressure which may reduce membrane performance.
4. Post-Filter: The main reason for postfiltration is to remove any undesirable taste and any residual organics from the treated water. Usually a carbon filter is used for this purpose. Where a carbon filter is used as a part of the prefiltration step, postfiltration is normally eliminated.
5. Delivery Tap: A separate delivery tap for the treated water is used so that both treated and untreated water are available.
6. Other: No special controls are required on most systems since they operate by the use of pressure-sensitive switches, check valves, or flexible bladders. Shut-off valves are important to conserve water during low use periods. Monitoring gauges or servicing lights are becoming increasingly common and assist greatly in knowing whether the system is or isn’t working.
Summary
Reverse osmosis is a proven technology that has been used successfully on a commercial basis. One of the better known uses of RO is the removal of salt from seawater. Household RO units typically deliver small amounts (2 to 10 gallons per day) of treated water and waste 3 to 20 times the amount of water treated. Reverse osmosis units remove many inorganic contaminants from household drinking water supplies. The removal effectiveness depends on the contaminant and its concentration, the membrane selected, the water pressure and proper installation. RO units require regular maintenance and monitoring to perform satisfactorily over an extended period of time. Before purchasing an RO unit or any other water treatment equipment, purchasers should test their water to be certain that treatment is needed and that the equipment being selected is appropriate to the problem requiring treatment. All costs need to be considered when comparing competitive systems and when making purchase or rental decisions.
Posted Under:
NEWS & INORMATION
This post was written by whitey on August 9, 2008
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1,200 urge Congress:
The threat of urgency to ban fluoridation of drinking water
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With the growing number of leading experts in science and medicine (now over 1,200 pleading for congress to bring an immediate halt to the treating of our drinking water in the U.S. with Fluoride, public interest and awareness are not what one would expect from so important an issue.
Whether overlooked or purposely left out of the main stream news media, the real truth about the damage done, in regard to water fluoridation is this real… It could bring us to our knees not only physically, but also with an (insult added to injury) emotional damage with the weight to cripple this countries phsychi. Or maybe not! As one of the side effects of the ingestion of fluoride is that of passivity. The evidence is clear. This systematic poisoning of the people through water fluoridation was without a doubt done so with not only full knowledge of the effects, but actually developed to do so. The list of known dangers and disease causing effects of fluoride consumption go back to the late 1800’s. The list reads like (not by coincedence) a list of every major epidemic reaching levels of increase type disease’s flooding the airwaves in recent years. Take a look at this list and see for yourself how fluoride has been proven to be linked directly to. Notice how these are the same diseases seldom if ever heard of until the 20′th Century which just so hppens to coincide with the intruduction of fluoride in our water supply. The chemical “Fluoride” may very well be the single most responsible ingredient for the numerous epidemic reaching level diseases, syndromes, and defects. It’s removal from our municipal drinking water supplies nation wide is being urged by leading health and environment scientists and experts. Their urgency is falling upon a patronizing audience (the US Congress). These so-called representatives of the people are not only un-neccasary, they are dangerous.
Article: The State of Earth’s Water
Here is a little excerpt from the famous chemist Ira Remsen it was written in 1900 The purest water found in nature is rain-water, particularly that which falls after it has rained for some time. That which first falls always contains impurities from the air. The Elements of Chemistry. By Ira Remsen1900. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Additional Ira Remsen related articles: See.. “Nitric Acid Reacts’ on Pants” (humorous anecdote) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Isn’t it amazing! The simplicity in which nature provides the most purified drinking water? Nature teaches us through the example of distillation, our way to assure the ability to purify any water source.
What a different world we live in today as the industrialization of many nations has filled the air with so many impurities. How long and how heavy it would have to rain with our present atmosphere to wash out all of the impurities before the facilitation of safe water would begin? Talk to your friends and neighbors about distillation and bring back basic chemistry to our daily dialogue. Don’t rely on the media to educate us in what should be common knowledge. The media has become a tool in the commercial driven mass distribution of opinions, personalities, and social interaction with an emphisis on emotional stimulation and response. Popularity has replaced principle.
From… The National Water Program “Supply & Composition” The health and livelihood of Americans depends on the availability of a safe drinking water supply. In some portions of the nation drinking water is a scarce resource, while in other areas abundant water supplies are available. Community water systems now supply drinking water to over 80 percent of the U.S. population. Other citizens drink water from private sources, mostly wells. Increasing water demands from a growing population, economic expansion and increasing use per capita mean that we need to emphasize the wise use, proper management and protection of this resource. (NO MENTION OF community water systems and the dangers of fluoride)
Importance of Drinking Water to Human Health (The National Water Program)
Both community and private sources of drinking water are susceptible to a myriad of chemical contaminants, biological pollutants and nuisance water problems that may vary depending on site conditions and other factors. Some of the more common chemical pollutants include pesticides, fertilizers, petroleum products, and industrial solvents. Some problem organisms, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and algae, cause nuisance problems with taste and odor while others are potential pathogens. (NO MENTION OF A SOLUTION, admin) Threats to drinking water quality come from animal and plant production agriculture, industrial activities and even activities around our businesses, residences, recreational areas and transportation systems. Many U.S. citizens are becoming more concerned about potential health risks and nuisance problems associated with their drinking water. (NO MENTION OF A SOLUTION, admin) (The National Water Program consists of: data collected by Land Grant College and University Scientists, Instructors, and Cooperative Extension educators)
Water Supply: Are We Running Short Of Available Water Suitable For Drinking? Presently, the water supply is not of significant concern. What is of concern are the measures taken to decontaminate the water. Sadly to say our tax dollars have been used to increase the chemical industry profits by purchasing tons of chemicals to be added to water to decontaminate it. It has long been known that the process of distillation and filtration was the safest means to obtain pure water from contaminated water as the system follows that of nature by means of evaporation and condensation. The difference from rain-water being that it no longer has to travel through our heavily polluted environment. There are growing concerns among many experts and health professionals regarding the chemicals that are being used in municipal water systems, (many of which have been banned in other countries). This is particularly true with the adding of fluoride.
As far as water being advertised as the healthier choice by the beverage industries, that being bottled water, there are ever increasing concerns regarding the impact on both the environmental and our health. The bottom line is that the facts reveal there is little concern for neither the health of the planet or the consumer. Both sides have an enormous amount of money and power that is being made at the publics expense. The concern, is in fact, one for ‘The Bottom Line”.
Water And Our Health: “Modern Problems” How Safe Is The Water You Choose To Drink?
Water Consumption: How Much Water Is The Average American Drinking? (see below)
In 2006, in the U.S. alone, Americans consumed about 26 gallons per person or 7.8 billion gallons of bottled water. That number does not include the sparkling or fortified water categories. source: “Food & Water Watch” About 26 gallons per person or 7.8 billion gallons in non-sparkling water in US for 2006 source: “Beverage Marketing Corporation” About 28 gallons per person or 8.4 billion gallons including sparkling and fortified water categories in US for 2006 source: “Beverage Marketing Corporation”
Did You Know Did you know that the criteria which governs water standards for the bottled water industry requires everything accept the only true process of water purification? Learn about water distillation and which carcinogenic water contaminants are water soluble and why FDA standards for the bottled water industry cannot purify water of water soluable contaminants. Did You Know Many of the chemicals used in municipal water treatment facilities to kill bacteria do not and can not rid the water of anything? The bacteria is changed but not removed. Shockingly, some of these chemicals were so carcinogenic that huge dollars had to be spent in dispensing of the very same chemicals that polluters are now getting paid for to treat water. Which ones are they and what are some of the possible dangers? Read here!
Warning! Stop Drinking City Water Right Now!
Think fluoride is a modern day wonder that is an absolute necessity? Read the label on your families chosen brand of fluoride treated toothpaste. It’s time to stop trusting what “The Bottom Line Minded” industries are telling us is safe for consumption. Oh, and by the way, the FDA is on their side. And should the American consumer ever learn through just a little investigation (and we had better) on the topic of what our municipal drinking water standards are… what some people in power have known from the beginning about the eventual outcome of consumption… should that happen… then the worlds most profitable and powerful “Bottom Line Minded” Industries will find having America’s Federal Drug Administration on their side will be the damning liability that will throw them into the pit where they will be consumed into perminant distruction!
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